2024 Gangster disciples rakes

Description. Summary: Gangster Disciples is one of the most violent of four African-American gangs that hang out on the south side of Chicago. They are known for their violence and the distribution of crack cocaine. The Vice Lord Nation is the oldest street gang in Chicago followed by the Black Gangster Disciple Nation, also known as the ...Enforcement Teams within the Gangster Disciples are directed to discipline gang members for violations of gang rules through physical assault or murder. Co-defendant Green was a member of the Enforcement Team and held the title of "Assistant Chief Enforcer." Co-defendant Browner was a member of the "Sisters of the Struggle" (SOS), a ...Gangster Disciples members referred to the gang as the "Family." The title "Chairman" was reserved for the leader of the Gangster Disciples who is currently incarcerated but ·is believed to still communicate with and direct members of the gang. In addition to the rank of Chairman, Gangster Disciples used a corporate board-style group that ...Memphis, TN - Several alleged members of the Gangster Disciples have been indicted federally for their roles in the attempted murder of five teenagers in South Memphis. U.S. Attorney Edward L. Stanton III; Shelby County District Attorney General Amy Weirich; Memphis Police Director Toney Armstrong; Shelby County Sheriff Bill Oldham; Special Agent in Charge for the Bureau ofThe 8 Trey Mob is a Gangster Disciple Folk subset based out of Hull, Massachusetts founded in 1992. The 8 Trey Mob was founded by Cortez Wartham to protect the Black community of Hull, as the town was not very diverse at the time, but it would later become one of the most violent gangs in Hull. New members of the 8 Trey Mob are usually initiated through 6-minute beatings to represent the 6 ... Gangster Disciples rep the fork or “rakes”. So when you see a video of dudes talking about droppin rakes or putting the fork down, its disrespecting them. Basically saying fuck your gang. Just like how Bloods call Crips “cKrabs” its a form of disrespect to their set. The latest conviction of three alleged members of the Gangster Disciples, included malice murder, felony murder, armed robbery, aggravated assault, violation of Georgia's street gang terrorism and prevention act, and possession of a firearm during commission of a felony, for killing 23-year-old Anthony Tavarez in an Austell, Ga., apartment ...Crumpton is 1 of 16 Gangster Disciples in the Memphis and Jackson area indicted in May 2016 for conspiring to participate in a racketeering enterprise. On Tuesday, May 30, 2017, Crumpton pleaded guilty before U.S. District Judge John T. Fowlkes, Jr., to conspiracy to participate in a racketeering enterprise and conspiracy to distribute narcotics.Aug 30, 2023 · The Gangster Disciples (GD) is a notorious criminal organization deeply rooted in American history. Founded initially by Larry Hoover in Chicago during the late 1960s, this well-structured syndicate has since gained notoriety for its involvement in drug trafficking, violence, and illegal activities spanning several states. After several years in the Gangster Disciples, Ricky Harris had become inactive, spending more time working at a hardware store installing burglar bars for customers-and committing burglaries in ...Jan 15, 2023 · However, during one of those handshakes, LeBron apparently was seen ‘dropping rakes.’ According to HITC.com, “Dropping rakes” is a diss aimed at the Chicago gang, The Gangster Disciples. The Gangster Disciples throw up rakes, and their enemies throw them down which is seen as a disrespectful gesture towards the gang. The nine men and one juvenile arrested are admitted members of the Gangster Disciples, a Chicago group born in the 1970s, according to the Palm Beach County Sheriff's Office. The arrests ended ...Sep 20, 2023 · Typically, those throwing up the rakes are members of the Black Disciples or Gangster Disciple Killers or just oppose those who are part of the Gangster Disciples. In 1981, the Black Disciples was established on the streets while all others from the B.G.D.N chose to become "Black Gangster Disciples." The Black Gangster Disciples used the name to name their organization and the B.G.D.N alliance went officially extinct in 1981.Memphis, TN – Six Gangster Disciples, including the "Enforcer" for the State of Tennessee, have pled guilty to conspiracy to participate in racketeering activity.U.S. Attorney D. Michael Dunavant announced the guilty pleas today. These guilty pleas are the latest convictions in a large RICO conspiracy case, "Operation .38 Special", which was …For those uninitiated, “GDK” refers to “Gangster Disciples Killer” and is a rake associated with the Chicago-based gang GD (Gangster Disciples), as per DrillWiki. As soon as the video...A federal jury in Macon, Georgia, convicted three members of the Gangster Disciples – a national gang with a long history of lawlessness and violence – on Aug. 17 in connection with the murder of three people, as well as various other offenses including drug trafficking, obstruction of justice, and firearm charges.Memphis, TN – Six Gangster Disciples, including the "Enforcer" for the State of Tennessee, have pled guilty to conspiracy to participate in racketeering activity.U.S. Attorney D. Michael Dunavant announced the guilty pleas today. These guilty pleas are the latest convictions in a large RICO conspiracy case, "Operation .38 Special", which was …There are Crip sets, Latin Kings, Trinitarios, Gangster Disciples, MS-13, and others active. Every nationality is represented within the gang culture… and with the African-American population in ...J.P. Delli of the Gangster Disciples organization. Under the banner of the Gangster Disciples organization, J.P. Delli hosted a booth at the Native American Celebration in the Park on July 24 in Liberty Park to generate a positive image for the group. In Delli's view, the initials "GD" stand for "growth and development.".Tupac recalled a violent incident during his encounter with members of the Gangster Disciple street gang at a concert performance in Milwaukee. Tupac said he was infuriated by the tragic death of Robert "Yummy" Sandifer and attributed his death to members of the notorious street gang. This prompted Pac to confront gang affiliated concertgoers.About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright ...Opinions differ on how to define Gangster Disciples. See GD. A street gang formed in 1969 on the south side of Chicago which has now spread throughout a lot of the United States. Mainly African American but there is a branch of GD called IGD (Insane Gangster Disciples) that are mainly white kids between the ages of 13-16 who come from nice neighborhoods.Dropping Rakes (also known as Dipping Rakes or Slamming Rakes) is a smear campaign against the Gangster Disciples (GDs). While the GD rappers are …tampafp.com January 23, 2021. Two leaders of the national gang the Gangster Disciples were sentenced Friday for a racketeering conspiracy involving murder. Shauntay Craig, aka Shake, 42, of Birmingham, Alabama, was sentenced to 40 years in prison. Craig pleaded guilty in August 2019 to racketeering conspiracy involving murder and drug ...Jan 15, 2023 · However, during one of those handshakes, LeBron apparently was seen ‘dropping rakes.’ According to HITC.com, “Dropping rakes” is a diss aimed at the Chicago gang, The Gangster Disciples. The Gangster Disciples throw up rakes, and their enemies throw them down which is seen as a disrespectful gesture towards the gang. As alleged in the indictment, the defendants are members and associates of the Folk Nation Gangster Disciples, also known as "GD." ... a Crips gang member, flashed a gang sign known as "dropping the rake" — a gesture intended to be insulting to GD. The argument continued outside the bar, where Brown displayed a gun and fired a shot ...The Farwell Family is a historic set of Gangster Disciples in Rogers Park. The set’s name derives from their founding location, Farwell Avenue. With a member count of at least 200 by 2011, Farwell Family is divided into cliques, many separated between younger and older generations, each with their own structure and interests. History.Jan 15, 2023 · However, during one of those handshakes, LeBron apparently was seen ‘dropping rakes.’ According to HITC.com, “Dropping rakes” is a diss aimed at the Chicago gang, The Gangster Disciples. The Gangster Disciples throw up rakes, and their enemies throw them down which is seen as a disrespectful gesture towards the gang. The nine men and one juvenile arrested are admitted members of the Gangster Disciples, a Chicago group born in the 1970s, according to the Palm Beach County Sheriff's Office. The arrests ended ...He inspires self-distrust. He guides their eyes from himself to the spirit that quickens him. He will have no disciple. And whosoever shall give to drink unto one of these little ones a cup of cold water only in the name of a disciple, verily I say unto you, he shall in no wise lose his reward.As alleged in the indictment, the defendants are members and associates of the Folk Nation Gangster Disciples, also known as “GD.” ... a Crips gang member, flashed a gang sign known as “dropping the rake” — a gesture intended to be insulting to GD. The argument continued outside the bar, where Brown displayed a gun and fired a shot ...He was a high-ranking member of the Gangster Disciples' Enforcement Team, who wielded violence to discipline members and enforce gang rule, as per information obtained by WSBTV. Green's conviction ...Buffett's Berkshire Hathaway stands to make $3.7 billion from Treasuries and similar bets this year, up from about $600 million in 2021, analyst says. Jump to Surging interest rate...The Gangster Disciples gang is described by police as the city's largest street gang and is led by Larry Hoover, although he has been in prison for years on a murder conviction. Dorsey was a ...1. All members must adhere to the laws of the land and refrain from engaging in any illegal activities. 2. Respect for fellow members and leadership is paramount. Disrespect and insubordination will not be tolerated. 3. Members are expected to contribute to the organization and uphold its values at all times. 4.Gangster Disciples vs. Almighty Bishops vs. Gangster Party People by Chicago's Cold War 1 Insane Latin Jivers vs. Gangster Disciples by Chicago's Cold War 1 2 1 2. This site uses cookies to improve your experience and to help show content that is more relevant to your interests. By using this site ...5 members of Gangster Disciples gang in Georgia indicted on murder, RICO charges. 3 more members of Gangster Disciples convicted in “gruesome” murders of 3 Athens men. Gang member Andrea Paige Browner, aka “Drea,” met a man related to the people the gang believed was responsible for Brown’s death, Rodriquez Rucker.A Gangster disciple that beefs with other gangster disciples. You usually see them dropping and throwing up the rakes ... Lil duke was a renegade gangster disciple. He dropped the rakes for his opps (Young pappy, who was also a gangster disciple) but is still a gangster disciple. by Shotta74 July 9, 2018. Flag. Get the renegade gangster ...In this article, we’ll explore the various revenue sources available to YouTubers, and take a look at how much money top creators are raking in. It’s no secret that YouTubers can m...The Gangster Disciples are a highly-organized and ruthless gang that recognizes no geographical boundaries, and its members have far too long indiscriminately preyed upon and infected the good people of our communities like a cancer. The FBI’s Safe Streets Gang Task Forces recognize no boundaries either, and we are committed to … Abstract. Formed in 1974 as a 60-man operation, the GD has matured into a centralized criminal organization with nearly 30,000 members in Chicago and spreading into at least 35 other States with several thousand more members. With an estimated annual revenue in excess of $100 million from Chicagoland narcotics sales and street tax (its total ... NASHVILLE, Tenn., - December 3, 2019 - Following a seven-week jury trial in U.S. District Court earlier this year, a federal jury convicted five members of the Gangster Disciples of multiple counts relating to a racketeering conspiracy and a drug distribution conspiracy, which plagued the Clarksville, Tennessee area with violence and murders for more than a decade, announced U.S. Attorney ...Dec 4, 2023 · The 16 Laws of the Gangster Disciples are the rules and principles that were handed down by the organization’s founder Larry Hoover through memoranda while he was imprisoned. They are intended to guide the behavior and beliefs of the Gangster Disciples, who were also known as the Black Gangster Disciples and the Black Gangster Disciple Nation ... Gangster Disciples members that raps and some as become famous in hip-hop Ugly God (Mississippi 74 GD) Duke Deuce YGM Phat (Mississippi 74 GD) Big Folk Whyte Folkz (OG Memphis GD) FBG Duck (RIP) (STL/EBT GDs) (renegade) JHE Rooga (MOB GDs) Famous Dex (NLC GDs) MUBU Krump [RIP] (Dro City) Soulja Boy (Mississippi 74 GD) 30roundFred MUBU King Louie (Dro City) Double007 (7 Street Murda Squad) Mac ...The OutLaw Gangster Disciple Nation is a subset of the Gangster Disciples street gang. It was formed in the Chicago Housing Authority's Cabrini-Green public housing project on the Near-North Side of Chicago, Illinois in the early 1990s, by Gangster Disciple board member and Cabrini resident Charles "Big Chuck" Dorsey.Gangster Disciples Killer. Similar to GDK: GD, Blood, Crip, Vice Lord. Territory: South Side of Chicago. Example sentence: “ GDK is heavy in Chicago.”. GDK in songs: “You so GDK, now you a thug again?, You so BDK, now you a thug again?”.The pitchfork represents the Gangster Disciples, while the six-pointed star represents the Black Disciples. Spiderwebs: Often associated with white supremacist prison gangs, spiderwebs represent the entrapment of enemies and the gang's dominance over the prison or neighborhood.Also known as GD (Gangster Desciple). They are an inner city street gang. Gangster Disciples are an affiliate of the Crypts. Reply reply ssj999kidbuu • That's exactly what it is. ...The Gangster Disciples throw up rakes, and their enemies throw them down which is seen as a disrespectful gesture towards the gang. Are Black Disciples Folk? The Black Disciples (BDs) are the Chicago folks gang that is structured more like a religion than a corporate enterprise and that gained international publicity in 1994 by executing an 11 ...An aging West Side gang leader who goes by the street name “Goo” was arrested and charged with dealing heroin and crack cocaine alongside 34 members of his G...Part 1 of the Black Gangster Disciple Nation, 1958 - 1969Gangster Disciples are NOT Crips you moron Completely 2 different gangs. Crips are base in LA, and GDz are Chicago . They might be allies in some cities but are not related.Gangster Disciples Gangster Disciples Part 1 of 1 View. Filed under: Gangs/Extremist Groups. ... - Civil Rights - Counterterrorism - Foreign Counterintelligence - Frequently Requested - Fugitives - Gangs Extremist Groups - Gangster Era - Miscellaneous - Organizations - Organized Crime - Political Figures Events - Popular Culture - Public ...Abstract. Formed in 1974 as a 60-man operation, the GD has matured into a centralized criminal organization with nearly 30,000 members in Chicago and spreading into at least 35 other States with several thousand more members. With an estimated annual revenue in excess of $100 million from Chicagoland narcotics sales and street tax (its total ...Hoover, serving life in federal prison, co-founded the Gangster Disciples in Chicago in the late-1960s. The gang, which has grown to include chapters nationwide, has also accused Ross of coopting ...5 ARRESTS SAID TO CRIPPLE GANG LINKED TO DRUGS GANGSTER DISCIPLES HELD NEIGHBORHOOD IN TERROR. Their members were recruited from fatherless families on the city's East Side, then required to shoot ...In Supreme Mathematics, part of the Islamic and 5%er philosophies, the number 0 is cipher. Cipher is a whole. 360 degrees of KNOWLEDGE(120) WISDOM(120) & UNDERSTANDING(120).Evidence presented at trial revealed that on Dec. 10, 2018, Gangster Disciples member Walter Brown was murdered in Athens. Chambers and Browner sought retaliation for Brown's death and believed ...Cole was also involved in narcotics, which would further the Gangster Disciples enterprise, the release says. Cole admitted in his plea agreement that he was a past governor in the 731 region ...The Maniac Latin Disciples Nation is a Hispanic street gang in Chicago and the largest in the Folks Nation alliance. Originally known as the Latin Scorpions, the gang was founded by Albert "Hitler" Hernandez and other Puerto Rican teenagers in the Humboldt Park community in approximately 1966. They were influential in the culture and history of gangs in Humboldt Park, and continue to be active ...May 5, 2016. The U.S. attorney in Atlanta announced on Wednesday a sweeping racketeering indictment against the Gangster Disciples, a multistate criminal organization accused or murder, extortion ...The Gangster Disciples employed a highly-structured organization that bestowed upon its members certain titles indicative of the member's role or function within the gang. The Gangster Disciples used specific gang-developed terminology to describe meetings, subgroups and members. During these meetings dues were collected, gang membership andHip Hop Wiki | Hip WikiEnforcement teams within the Gangster Disciples are directed to discipline gang members for violations of gang rules through physical assault or murder. Co-defendant Lesley Chappell Green, also known as Grip, 35, of Stone Mountain, Georgia, was a member of the Enforcement Team and held the title of “Assistant Chief Enforcer.”The Gangster Disciples hold regular meetings at which participants pledge loyalty to the gang, discuss gang business, distribute gang literature, and carry out "violations" in the form of physical beatings of members who have broken the gang's rules. 7. Prospective members wishing to join the Gangster Disciples are sometimes made toChicago: The Gangster Disciples. Raids, b-roll footage. (1995)#GangsterDisciples #ChicagoFor Educational Purposes.Gangster Vegas is an action-packed open-world game that allows players to immerse themselves in a thrilling virtual world filled with crime, car chases, and high-stakes missions. O...East St. Louis, Ill. - The United States Department of Justice and the U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of Illinois, Steven D. Weinhoeft, announced today that seven alleged members of the violent Gangster Disciples gang, including top national and state leaders, have been charged in a federal indictment accusing them of a years-long interstate RICO conspiracy involving multiple ...Dec 6, 2023 · TikTok users worldwide have been saying "GDK" on the platform and using a symbol associated with GDK as a trend. GDK, short for Gangster Disciple Killers, is used by those who stand against the Chicago gang Gangster Disciples. Celebrities like Pop Smoke, Fivio Foreign, 21 Savage, and King Combs have mentioned GDK in music and on social media. Companies tied to Gangster Disciples co-founder Larry Hoover, his family and supporters facing new federal scrutiny A grand jury in Chicago has subpoenaed records on the businesses in what a ...Jan 20, 2023 · A bunch of people took to Twitter and accused LeBron of throwing up gang signs that disrespected the Gangster Disciples. The term “Dropping Rakes” and doing a hand gesture is very ... The latest conviction of three alleged members of the Gangster Disciples, included malice murder, felony murder, armed robbery, aggravated assault, violation of Georgia’s street gang terrorism ...The Federal Bureau of Investigation is asking Tennesseans to be on the lookout for a known Gangster Disciples gang member who is considered armed and dangerous. Kennoris Lattrell Hughey, 37, is ...Viewers of the Congolese breakfast TV show Le Panier (“The Breadbasket”) got a rude shock yesterday when the studio of the state broadcaster was stormed by armed disciples of a rel...Chicago has long been known as "The Windy City." It's a pretty cool nickname, but does it live up to it? Advertisement Chicago! Land of improv and gangsters, Mike Ditka and a weird...According to court documents, the Gangster Disciples is a national gang active in more than 24 states with a highly organized structure including board members and governor-of-governors who each controlled geographic regions; governors, assistant governors, chief enforcers and chiefs of security for each state or regions within the state …Federal prosecutors allege that the Gangster Disciples have a rigid, corporate hierarchy that's designed to market illegal drugs. An estimated 50,000 members operate in $5 states. Orders come down ...FOLK NATIONS were gangs like Gangster Disciples, Black Disciples, New Breeds, Spanish Cobras, Spanish Gangster Disciples, Imperial Gangsters, Maniac Latin Disciples, Satans Disciples, Simon CIty Royals, Gangster Two Six, and many more ... Rakes: "Drop the rakes rn nga!". Rakes stand for Forks /pitchforks whicu is the main …As the seasons change and the leaves begin to fall, many homeowners find themselves faced with the task of leaf cleanup. While some may prefer the traditional method of raking leav...Chicago: The Gangster Disciples. Raids, b-roll footage. (1995)#GangsterDisciples #ChicagoFor Educational Purposes.american gangster: larry hooverbirthplace: jackson, mississippiex-leader: gangster diciplesmotto: "growth and development" (part 1 of 2)other names: king lar...The Gangster Disciples gang is a nation wide gang so it's fairly common to see gangs from other states dropping the rakes, for example, in Bobby Shmurda's "Hot Nigga" video, some members of the Gangster Stone Crips can be seen dropping the rakes because they are at war with some nearby GD clicks.Oct 22, 2021 - Explore Ronaldhaywood's board "gangster disciples", followed by 796 people on Pinterest. See more ideas about gangster disciples, gangster, disciple.Published November 17, 2022. The founder of Gangster Disciples, Chicago gang leader "King Larry" Hoover only grew his empire after he was sentenced to prison in 1973. Just a few years after Larry Hoover helped found Gangster Disciples in Chicago, he was sentenced to 150 to 200 years in prison for a gang-related murder in 1973.Murder Squad Mobsters.. PML to all folkks all cant be well till all is one

The Gangster Disciples also use the upward crossed pitchforks (“rakes or “forks”) and a heart with wings. Are Crips part of gangster Diciples? The Crips are affiliated with the Gangster Disciples on the east coast, and have a greater number of members in the metro area – though a few have gone to prison from Polk County.. Joel freeman texas

Larry Hoover tries again for sentencing break, says he wants ‘nothing to do’ with Gangster Disciples A judge last year declined a request from Hoover for a lower sentence under the First Step Act.0:35. Four members of the Gangster Disciples were sentenced to 20 to 40 years in prison on Tuesday for a racketeering and drug distribution conspiracy that plagued Clarksville for more than a ...2. Symbolism Behind Tagging “GDK”. The letters “GDK” represent “Gangster Disciple Killer,” essentially indicating one’s allegiance or hostility against members affiliated with GDs specifically but often extended towards other rival street organizations related to them through alliances or conflicts. 3. Interpretations Vary …According to the RPD, an investigation began in November 2020 into violent gang activity, specifically the Gangster Disciples and Vice Lords groups — Chicago-based gangs with nationwide influence.The 'Disciples' Of Drugs--And Death. Published Feb 04, 1996 at 7:00 PM EST Updated Mar 13, 2010 at 7:08 PM EST. By Newsweek Staff. It's a lesson Al Capone learned the hard way--if the cops don't ...Hoover, along with David Barksdale, formed what is now the Gangster Disciples or GD's. Consequently, after being incarcerated for a murder in 1995, after a 17-year undercover investigation by ... The six-pointed Star of David along with two pitchforks or rakes are also used. Famous Gangster Disciples. Unfortunately, many rappers and artists ...The Gangster Disciples are a national gang with roots in Chicago, Illinois, dating back to the 1970s, and are now active in at least 25 states. The Gangster Disciples brought money into the gang through, among other things, drug trafficking, robbery, carjacking, extortion, wire fraud, credit card fraud, insurance fraud and bank fraud.The Gangster Disciples, a nationwide gang is responsible for countless murders and robberies as well as extortion plots and drug trafficking throughout the United States, according to indictments of alleged members. The latest conviction of three alleged members of the Gangster Disciples, included malice murder, felony murder, armed robbery ...Druk Metho – Blossoms of BhutanIn the '70s, he rose to lead Chicago's Gangster Disciples, a street gang that ruled the South Side drug market and aspired to legitimate political influence, until his conviction for ordering ...Over time, the new gang spread across the US. According to an FBI report, the Black Gangster Disciples were active in Memphis in the 1980s. Yet, as the group was growing, so was it splintering. The Black Gangster Disciples split into a number of factions, including the Black Disciples (BD) and the Gangster Disciples (GD).11 Members and Associates of the Folk Nation Gangster Disciples Charged with Multiple Shootings and Related Firearms Offenses in Brooklyn ... a Crips gang member, flashed a gang sign known as "dropping the rake" — a gesture intended to be insulting to GD. The argument continued outside the bar where Brown displayed a gun and fired a shot ...More answers. Anonymous ∙. Lvl 1. ∙ 3y ago. Either on some hard gangster stuff or stay getting railed or passaround and alot of girls join just to get passed around. Say if ur boyfriend or ...Go ahead and find out what you know about yourself and the world around you. Best of luck!! Coverage : All it takes is two minutes to take the Gangster Disciple Gang Quiz and find out how much you know about the Gangster Disciple Quiz and the characters in the quiz. Quiz Created by: GD 7-4 All Day. Creation Date: 21 July 2009.Oct 13, 2020 · Fans all over the internet accuse LeBron James of throwing up gang signs ('dropping the rakes') that disrespect the Gangster Disciples, when accepting his Finals MVP award this past Sunday. Check it out. The Gangster Disciples also use the upward crossed pitchforks ("rakes" or "pitchforks") and a heart with. The organization's now wear black & Grey their old colors were black and blue. ... Who is the leader of the Black Gangster Disciples? The Black Gangster Disciples, often abbreviated "BGDN" "GDs", is a gang from the South ...A diss directed towards the GD's (Gangster Disciples). The GD's use the "rake" or a pitchfork as one of their symbols, therefore "droppin rakes" is a diss towards them. Often times it is their rival gang, the Black Disciples, who use the term. There is also a hand sign that is formed with the pointer finger, thumb, and middle finger to represent a rake that can be thrown down ( upside down) to ...Lil Reese used to be apart of the Black Disciples Nation(not to be confused with the Gangster Disciples Nation), but now is a member of the Black Mafia Family(since gd's & bd's got together and ..."The Gangster Disciples are a strategically violent organization whose members willingly committed these monstrous crimes. The U.S. Attorney's Office for the Middle District of Georgia will join ....

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